Compressor



' Nov. 17, 1931. E. WILSON 1,832,601

COIPRESSOR Filed June 6, 1927 3 Shaets-Sheet l l jirr enfn Emma Fl /A907, if M l/lls flflarweja.

Nov. 17,1931. E. WILSON 1.832.601

GOIPRESSOR- Filed June 6. 195?! 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 17, 1931. E. WILSON 1,832,601

OOIPRESSOR I Filed June 6, 1927 3 Shuts-Sheet 3 v M076! EJM M /Ya'ah,

Patented Nov. 17, 1931 I EDWARD WILSON, 01 8'1. LOUIS, MISSOURI COMPRESSOR Application filed. June a. 1927. Serial No. means.

This invention relates to compressors; al-

' though the machine may be applied to vari- 0115 other uses.

An object of the invention is to produce a machine adapted for use as a compressor, 7

blower, pump, or the like, comprising a cylnder rotatively supported within a housing, in combination with a rotary head supported eccentrically within the cylinder, and

means for utilizing the pressure created wlthin the housing by operation of'the machine to hold the cylinder and the cooperative parts, including the end walls, in assembled relationship; and to utilize such pressure to compensatefor wear of the operating mechanism,-

which wear, in time, would render the machine inefiicient.

Another object of the invention is to pro-' vide a compressor including a hollow rotary shaft functioning as aninlet and outlet passage-and mounted in bearings arranged in a novel relationship, in combination with compressor mechanism including a part rigid on the shaft and rotating within an indelpendently rotative cylinder, and means for utilizing the pressure created in the housing y operation of the machine to hold parts of the compressor mechanism in proper relationshi 30 vii nother object of the invention is to provide a compressor ofthe rotary type having an oil seal for the compressor mechanism and including supporting bearings for operative parts thereof, functioning to obtain and remain in proper alinement, so that the ma chine will operate, with a minimum of fric-- tion. i v Qther objects will appear from the following description. reference being made to the drawings, in which v L:

Fig. 1 isa vertical longitudinal sectional view of the machine. v

Fig. 1 is a view showing part of the structure for holding the cylinder of the compression mechanism in constant contact with the rotary head. Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the upper portion of the condenser approximate ly on t e line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor mechanism.

' Fig. 5 is an enlarged end view of the compressor head, the operation shaft. therefor being in section.

Fi g. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing the outlet passage through the compressor head.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the valve cage.

The lower (portion of the housing 1 is designed and a apted to contain a quantity of oil ap roximately to the line 2. An open-. ing 3 m the lower portion of the housing 1 admits oil to the chamber 4 in which the comprmor mechanism is mounted.

A. shaft 5- extends transversely across the. housing 1 and into the chamber 4 and is rotativel supgo hrted by bearin of novel relations 'p ere is an antiriction bearing 6 for the end of the shaft within the chamber 4, the same being mounted in a bearing support 7 and pressing against an alining seat 8. An anti-friction bearing 9 is mounted in w a support 10 and bears against an alining element 11 which receives the pressure of a. spring 12 mounted in the support 10. The bearings 6 and 9 are held from movement toward each other on the shaft 5 by circumferential flanges or ribs 13 and 14, respectively. and from movement away from each other by nuts 15 and 16 respectively.

Air or gas is admitted through a pipe 17 to a passage 18 communicating through openings 19 in sleeves 20 with a passage 21 in the shaft 5. The sleeves 20 are pressed in opposite directions by a spring 22 thereby compressing the packing 23 within the support 24 through which the shaft '5 extends. From the passage 21, the air or as passes througha passage 24 in one end 0 the head 25 keyed on the shaft 5 and rotated thereby. This passage 24 curves from communication with the passage 21 as shown in Fig.5 and opens at the peripheryeof the head 25 adjacent to a plate 26 operating in a slot 27 in the head .25. To reduce frictional resistance to the.

movements of the plate 26, one wall of the slot 27 is channeled at 28 and the adjacent side of the plate 26 at 29. The plate 26 is kept balanced as to pressure. For this purpose a passage 30 is provided to admit pressure into the slot 27. From the inner part of the slot- 27 the compressed air or gas may enter the channels 28 and 29 through notches 31.

The head 25 is concentric with the shaft 5. A cylinder 32 encloses the head 25 and is supported-eccentrically with respect to the head by circumferential flange 34 on the cylinder 32 engages one end of the bearing 33. A ring 35 is screwed on the opposite end of the cylinder 32 and clamps an end wall or plate 36 against the end of the cylinder. The ring 35 abuts against the anti-friction bearing and thus retains the cylinder in proper position in the bearing. The plate 36 has a central hole 37 of larger diameter than the shaft 5 in order to permit eccentric rotation of the cylinder 32 about said shaft. The plate 36 would function as well if made integral with the cylinder 32, but machining operations are facilitated by making these parts as shown.

The bearing .33 is mounted in an eccentric ring 38 capable of turning in its support and being actuated in one direction by a spring 39. Thus the cylinder 32 is held in contact with the head 25 and any wear ofparts is talr'enup by the turning movement of the ring 38.

The end of the head 25 toward the cylinder end wall 36 is recessed as shown at 40 to equalize the pressure on opposite sides of said wall. The opposite end'wall 41 of the cylinder is attached to the head 25 and rotates therewith forming the outer wall of the passage 24.

passage 42 communicating with a passage 43 through the head 25 on the other side of the plate 26 from the passage 24. A valve cage comprising a ring 44 having radial arms 45 with opposite f projections 46 on their ends is mounted in the passage 43 andin cooperation with a plug 47'retains the valve disc 48 in position for operation. The plug 47 is providedwith a passage 49 in continuation of the passage 43.

. The valve disc 48 is of less diameter than the space between the projections 46 and leaves room for. the passage of the compressed air or gas; but when the valve disc 48 is seated against the end of the plug 47 the passage is closed and there can be no admission of air or gas from the passage 43 around the valve to the passage 49.

The compressed air or gas passes from the passage 42 to a pipe 50 opening into a passage 51. This passage 51 extends through an oil separator device comprising a. spiral passage 52 from which the compressed or gas may pass to the top of the condenser 53 through a passage 54 and to the bottom of the condenser through a pipe. 55. From near an anti-friction bearing 33. A.

the bottom of the condenser and above the oil'level the liquefied ammonia or the like is withdrawn through a goose neck pipe 56.

When the machine is in operation the shaft 5 is rotated by the motor (not shown) thus rotating the head 25 at the same speed of rotat ion as the shaft and usuall im arting a relative rotating movement to t e cylinder 32. A suction is thus created, drawing the air or gas through the pipe 17, the passage 18, the openings 19 and the passage 21 through the shaft 5 to the passage 24 into the cylinder 32 which encloses the head 25. The head 25 is rotated in the direction designated by the arrow 57 (Fig. A longitudinal portion of the periphery of the head 25 is in constant contact with the cylinder'32, such contact be ing maintained'b'y the arrangement of the bearing 33 in the eccentric ring 38 which, by wedging action, maintains the cylinder 32 in close contact with the head 25. The plate 26 effects compression and the compressed air or gas is forced from the cylinder 32 through the'passage 49 around the valve 48 through the passage 43 in the head 25 and through the passage 42 in the shaft 5 to the pipe 50 and thence through the oil separator device 52 into the condenser.

The compressed air or gas leaving the open end of the passage 42 in the shaft 5 fills the chamber 4 above the level of the oil in said chamber. Since the area of the outer side of the cylinder end wall 41 is much larger than the area of'the inner side of said end wall that is subjected to. pressure from within the cylinder, it is obvious that the pressure generated in .the chamber 4 acts against the outer surface of the end wall'41. There is such a difference between the pressure from within the cylinder and the pressure on the outer side of the cylinder that the plate 41 is held in close and constant contact with the end of the cylinder 32 and any wear on the parts is thus taken up. Additionally, the spring 12 pressing against the ri 11 assists in holding the parts in proper re ationship and maintains the. parts in a condition ready for operation when the machines is not running and when there is not considerable pressure within the chamber 4. Thus, the spring 12 holds the parts in proper adjustments when the machine is not running and the pressure generated by the machine in operation is utilized to hold the operative parts of the compressor device in close contact. Moreover, the oil in the chamber 4 functions to maintain an oil seal so as to increase the efficiency of the machine. The construction is such that the compression devices, that is, the opposite end walls 36 and 41, and the connected parts may move laterally away from each other to relieve any excess of pressure within the cylinder 32 and prevent damage to -the machine by such excess of pressure.

, It is nowclearthat the lower portion'of the cylinder 32 and also the lower portion of the rotor part 4C1 are immersed in the oil that is confined in the machine housing and subjected to the pressure generated by the machine.

' ()f course, the rotor rotates at high speed when the machine 18 in operation. It is inherent in this construction and operation that the rapidly rotating part l1 will splash the oil so that the entire operating mechanism that is confined in the chamber 4 is maintained in a lubricated condition. Inevitably, a suficient amount of this oil passes into and through the hole 37 into the chamber 40, thus lubricating the end of the rotor 25 and providing an oil seal between said rotor and the wall 36. In a somewhat similar way, the oil seals the joint between the opposite end of the cylinder 32 and the wall 41.

I am aware that the construction of this improved machine may be varied within equivalent limits without departures from the nature and principle of the invention. ll do not restrict myself unessentially, but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is t- 1. ln a machine of the class described, in combination with a cylinder, a rotor mounted for movement within the cylinder in coop- 4 era ive relation with the wall thereof, said rotor having an end releasably engaging one end of the cylinder and a unitary head releasably engaging the other end of the cylinder, and automatic means for holding said head and the end of the rotor in fluid-tight contact with the respective ends of the cylinder.

2. ln :1 machine of the class descriheol, in combination with a cylinder, a rotor mountedifor movement within the cylinder, in cooperative relation with the wall thereof, said rotor having an end releasably engaging one end of the cylinder and a unitary head releasably engaging the other end of the cylinder, and means for holding said head and the end oi the rotor in fluid-tight contact with the respective ends of the cylinder by the use of pressure developed by the machine. h 3. in a machine of the class described, in combination with a cylinder, a slidalolymounted rotor mounted for movement within the cylinder in cooperative relation with the wall thereof and having means engaging the end wallsol the cylinder to form sealing contact therewith, and means for releasaloly holding the rotor in sealing contact with said end walls of the cylinder.

A. rotary compressor comprising a cylin der, a rotor mounted within said cylinder, said cylinder and rotor being arranged in eccentric relation to each other, a compression chamber extending longitudinally of and within said cylinder, a housing receiving and confining the compressed fluid under compression and containing a body oi lubricating oil under the pressureoi the compressed fluid,

a one way passage for delivering compressed fluid from the compression chamber into the upper ortion of said housing, a separate removab e head independent of the housing abutting each, end of the cylinder and constituting an end wall of the compression chamber, said heads being wholly disposed within said housing, at least one end of said rotor and one of said heads formin side walls of a reservoir interiorly of the cy inder at one end. thereof, a central opening in one of said heads for admitting oil under the pressure 01 the compressed fluid from the housing to said reservoir between the head and the rotor, and means normally preventing leakage of oil from said reservoir into said compression chamber.

5. A. rotary compressor comprising a cylinder, a rotor mounted within said cylinder, said cylinder and rotor being arranged in eccentric relation to each other, a compression chamber extending longitudinally of and within said cylinder, 9. housing receiving and confining the compressed fluid under compression and containing a body of lubricating oil under the pressure of the compressed fluid,

a one way passage for delivering compressed fluid from the compression chamber into thr upper portion of said housing, a separate removable head indcpendent of the housing abutting each end of the cylinder and constituting an end wall of the com ression chamber, said heads being wholly is osed within said housing, at least one end 0 said rotor and one of said heads forming sid walls of a reservoir at said one end of said rotor, a central opening in one of said heads for admitting oil under the pressure of the compressed fluid from the housing to said reservoir between the headand the rotor, anti means normally preventing leakage of Oll from said reservoir into said compression.

chamber.

. EDWARD WILSON. 

